资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。
2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。
因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。
日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
丰盈粤港澳大湾区“菜篮子” 湖南江永形成高效益蔬菜产业链****** 中新网永州12月22日电(陈健林 唐兵)21日,湖南江永县潇浦镇下界头村千亩供粤港澳大湾区蔬菜基地,菜农们一边割菜、分拣、称重、包装,一边抢抓利好天气忙冬种,搭建大棚、种植时令蔬菜。 湖南江永丰盈粤港澳大湾区“菜篮子” 。 江永县委宣传部供图入冬以来,下界头村推行“公司联结合作社,合作社带动农户”的方式,通过龙头企业带动,持续做大做强蔬菜产业,为乡村振兴加速赋能。目前全村种植蔬菜3000多亩,主要种植包菜、黄心旺菜、长叶菜等,蔬菜产业成为促进农业增效、农民增收的致富产业。 “公司在江永建设有广东海关备案的1000亩以上粤港澳大湾区蔬菜基地1.21万亩,联结农户1200余户3260余人,辐射带动蔬菜面积超2万亩以上。”广发农业发展有限公司负责人李利武介绍,早上6点多,冷链物流配送车将下界头村的蔬菜统一运送至公司加工场,经定装保鲜后再送往粤港澳大湾区,每天销售优质新鲜蔬菜100吨左右,年出口蔬菜达6000余批次,销售总额10亿元以上,保障粤港澳大湾区蔬菜正常供应。 近年来,该县按照“因地制宜,突出特色,统一规划,区域布局”原则,重点完善专业化生产基地,充分利用区域小气候的优势建立一批高标准、具有一定规模的“湘江源”蔬菜基地,把现有分散种植改为连片种植,集约经营管理,促进规模生产,切实提高种植效益。 该县还围绕种植基地网格化,种植品种小区化,生产作业流水化,种植全程机械化,灌水供肥一体化,病虫草害防治绿色智能化,高标准四季轮作种植蔬菜;配套建设了工厂化育苗及设施蔬菜种植基地,确保全年供港澳优质新鲜蔬菜货源充足。 以龙头企业为牵引,江永精心打造订单收购蔬菜平台。湖南蔬益园、广发农业等企业通过员工培训、农资配送、蔬菜新品种引进和推广、智能化管理、清洗加工、分拣包装、检验检测、冷链贮运等于一体的综合服务中心,为全县3000多户蔬菜种植户提供了就地加工或供粤港澳菜篮子工程“机械生产、订单收购、就地分拣包装、冷链贮运、直供香港销售或就地加工”的高效益蔬菜产业链。 江永还构建起“上有万吨仓储冷链物流中心,下有千吨产地小冷库、田头小仓储”完整配送供应链,一次性吞吐农产品总量17万吨以上,可满足20万亩以上蔬菜基地仓储需求,同时对订单蔬菜种植户建档立案,对种植产品进行身份证管理,提供产品全程溯源二维码,最后进入“直供香港”企业加工等蔬菜销售平台进行销售。 目前,江永县建成粤港澳大湾区菜篮子工程认证基地23家、“万、千、百”亩标准化蔬菜基地129个,全县发展以香芋、香姜、南瓜等为主的蔬菜种植面积30.13万亩,总产量68万吨,其中建成供粤港澳大湾区蔬菜基地10万亩,销售额达35亿元以上,完成东南亚等海外市场蔬菜出口13亿元,稳居湖南前列。(完)
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